The Rosetta Stone is an inscribed basalt block.

The Rosetta Stone is an inscribed basalt block, discovered by French soldiers in Egypt in 1799. Carved in 196 BCE, the same text is written on it in Ancient Greek, hieroglyphs, and demotic (an everyday Egyptian script). In 1822, French linguist Jean-François Champollion used the inscriptions on the stone to work out how to read hieroglyphs, which until then had been impossible to decipher.

The oldest religious texts in the history of mankind are the pyramids or the pyramids

The oldest religious texts in the history of mankind are the pyramids or the pyramids

"It is the collection of texts that were found written in the ancient Egyptian language and in the hieroglyphic script in the burial chamber and the adjacent rooms in nine of the pyramids of the ancient state and one of the pyramids of the first medieval period" 

"The oldest version of these texts is the one that came from the pyramid of Unas, the last king of the Fifth Dynasty of Saqqara, although it was not the first that was discovered from them. Other copies come from the pyramids of the kings of the Sixth Dynasty come and my first baby in which these texts were discovered for the first time and Murnara and my second baby, as well as the pyramids of some The queens such as Wadjbin, Nate and Spot, the wives of King Beibei II, also announced recently the discovery of a new pyramid belonging to Queen Ankh Sen Beibei, wife of King Beibbi I, and has the same texts

Also found these texts in the pyramid of King Abi from the eighth dynasty, one of the families of the first medieval era

"The texts of the pyramids are the oldest religious texts in the history of mankind

And the first long and extended text in the history of writing and the first source of other religious texts known to ancient Egypt, such as the coffin in the era of the Middle Kingdom and the famous book of the dead (Book of Exodus in the daytime) in the era of the modern state.

"I found these texts written in tall columns in the inner rooms of the pyramid, and they are divided into paragraphs, each of which begins with a special expression that can be translated with the words of the speech that is said. The pyramid of Unas, the oldest of them, is unique in paragraphs that have not been repeated after that. Its number is 802 chapters.

It is a perfect and complete copy of the book of the dead .

"With a length of more than 30 meters, the wall is furnished with this wonderful papyrus. It is a perfect and complete copy of the book of the dead in the Egyptian Museum in Turin, Italy."

And the book of the dead is a group of illustrated spells that the Egyptians called the book Exodus during the day. (Related to M. hrro). It is basically a personal roll of papyrus engraved, which was placed in the tombs of ordinary people during the modern state.

"And the Book of the Dead is not an actual text but rather an idea, and some spells for declaring innocence from sins and the trial of the dead while others for consumption as if it can be obtained in many forms, and the length and quality of the text differ according to the material capacity of the deceased and his initial desires."

Some of the texts of the Book of the Dead are completely new, while there are other texts that refer to the texts of the coffins, but rather the texts of the pyramids from the era of the old state.

"The basic principle of these spells and the sole purpose of them is to confirm magic in preserving the life of the deceased while on a journey of eternity and during and within quality within its borders, and from these texts the modern scholars were able to understand the hopes and fears that the ordinary Egyptian was facing about eternity, this text appeared in the Valley of the Kings at the end Nineteenth Dynasty "

The Golden Pharaoh ruler.

Its definition, the unit of measurement for length in ancient Egypt, is about 52 and a half centimetres. Made of gilded wood...It is divided into seven parts, each part equal to the width of four fingers. Each part of the seven is divided into smaller units and is still used in the countryside in one way or another. The arm and the carat (finger width) are still to estimate the height between the elderly.

It is in the Egyptian part of the Turin Museum ... gifted by Amenhotep the Second to his chief cemetery (Ka) in appreciation of him.

Civilization is the precision of measurement.

Chest beetle winged of psousennes .

This magnificent chest, "Winged Beetle", with almost three others identical, was around the neck of the first psousennes mummy.

Ladybug, 6.5 cm long and 4.5 cm wide, golden pear, working in a dark green gassette. Its shape is repeated with sincerity and very detail: it reveals accurate observation and perfect workmanship.

Its wings consist of 21 horizontal lines studded with gold and septum. It is inlaid with multiple chrome stones of intriguing contrast, alternating the warm and cold colours of jaspe red, black glass, red, blue ...

In front of the beetle lies a beautiful golden cartridge on the horizontal side, the ends of which depend on both sides. It is registered in the name of the birth of Pharaoh Psusennes the First "pasebakbaenniut Mormon" (literally the star who appeared in the city, the beloved of Amon). Each brand works individually, with all craftsmanship, application and perfection. "The craftsman gave special care to making hieroglyphic signs, which were implemented with hard multi-chrome stones thanks to the barrier technique (small stoneworks determined by golden features, filled with coloured stones or glass paste)."

The strong symbolic range is highlighted by the presence of the Shane sign. "The beetle grows tirelessly, a cartridge in the name of the king, as it hangs behind the Sheen sign of eternity." (Treasures of Egypt - Wonders of the Egyptian Museum in Cairo, Francesco Tiradritti).

In addition, to increase the power of the talisman, his protection improved "Chapter 30 of the Book of the Dead, which calls for turning the deceased not to testify against him in the last ruling" engraved on the plate of the Ladybug.

The symbol of renewal, the Renaissance, and the Ladybug amulet are often found in Egyptian jewellery. As Gaston Maspero reminds us: "The beetle, which took a sacred slogan, represents Khobry, the sunrise, the sun that happens (Khupro) every morning, and that is born again after she died the night before the previous day." It also indicates that “Khubru’s roots” become. ”Therefore, at a good time in Egypt, it became the slogan of human life and became successive to the soul in the other world.”

The necklace hangs "Using Beetle-Wing Identification Rings, Double Chain Pearls, Gold and Colored Stones". This chain, 42 cm long, is finished by delicate and beautiful flower balance, consisting of strips of gold-covered glass paste.

On February 16, 1940, the great Egyptian Frenchman Pierre Montet discovered, in the necrosis of Tanis, a tomb of Psusennes ... "The basement that first opened was furnished mainly by the large granite sarcophagus in which we brought the four, a large neighbour of alabaster and wooden boxes ... on Coffin tank, psousennes names are read everywhere. "

The body of the pharaoh is found in the "third silver sarcophagus carved inside and outside." Then he continues his story: "The mummy, all wearing golden clothes that she depended on a silver plaque, has six hoops, twenty-two bracelets wrist, four of the knee, ankle, chest, beetle and hearts, fingers and golden sandal, more than thirty rings, all with a taste Ideal ".

In "Discovering the Treasures of Tanis," George Joyon, who was also part of the mission, recalls: "We could have enjoyed the golden talisman of necklaces, two large and elegant chest of stones and delicate stones, many beetles of all sizes in the lasers or sometimes their cable in Background chapter of the Book of the Dead.

King Farouk Siyati personally - accompanied by a large pavilion - to attend the opening of the coffin. We cannot help but discovering such a treasure had at least no effect compared to the discovery of Tottenkhumun ... But the world was at war, and the increasingly global conflict is taking lives. In this particularly precarious context, immediate security of the safe is required. She was transported to Cairo in a military truck and under escort.

At that time, we can enjoy a wonderful revelation of "Northern Thebes" in the Egyptian Museum in Tahrir Square, especially this chest which was recorded in the newspaper of the entrances under references 85788-85789.

The inspection of Tanis will connect many other wonders, and in 1987, the exhibition "Tanis of the Pharaohs Gold" organized by Jean Yoyot in the Grand Palace in Paris will allow the French to discover many of these treasures.

Mary Grillot

Explanatory: The chest with a winged beetle is found on the mummy of Psusennes the first that was discovered without his grave in Tanis on February 1940 by  Cairo Museum -

Ancient Egyptian vase in the shape of a duck

Ancient Egyptian vase in the shape of a duck

Polychrome faience

Ptolemaic period,ca.300

Probably from Alexandria

Now in The Walters Art Museum, Baltimore

EXCLUSIVE On April 19th (corresponding to tomorrow), Americans celebrate National Garlic Day .

On the national garlic day ... we know why (pyramid workers) ate it? !!

They conduct (garlic festivals) all over the cities, and head to Gilroy, California, where (the garlic capital) is in the world as they say, and there, they call on people saying: Go to the grocery store near you and get some fresh garlic cloves or chopped garlic for free!

Garlic is loved by many people, and they want a lot of garlic in the dish.

Garlic is considered an amazing medicine in the world of plants. The ancient Egyptians knew it and found it was engraved on the walls of temples. An ancient Egyptian story says: garlic was given to workers who build the pyramids to strengthen them and maintain their health.

Greek athletes in ancient Greece used to eat raw garlic before competing. And it was eaten by the Romans before fighting wars.

 "Abu Karat" recommended eating garlic to protect against infection, contamination of wounds and leprosy, and forced digestion. The ancients also used it to treat ear infections.

 In the Middle Ages, garlic was used to prevent plague, and people wore it like necklaces to flush out demons and vampires. In World War I, it was used to prevent gangrene.

Garlic is known for its magical and medicinal properties. This ability to ward off viruses and flies. It also has the ability to lower blood pressure and cholesterol.

The famous biologist (Louis Pasteur) put several garlic cloves in a dish full of bacteria, and he was surprised that garlic eliminated these harmful bacteria.

 In the year 1950, the doctor (Albert Schweitzer) treated cholera, typhoid fever and dysentery with garlic during his work in Africa.

This is in addition to many other benefits that garlic hoard and its benefits are endless at a time when viruses have been obtained from humans, despite the world’s progress in various fields, especially medicine.

In the end, God's power is above everything

The world's first hours: the hydraulic watch.

The clepsydra

Sure, by observing the stars, the ancient Egyptians divided time for hours

They took note of the perishable and temporary nature of the elements of the world and through their pursuit of eternity, the ancient Egyptians seemed to see the concept of time and thus the concept of measuring time was born through several tools such as: solar clocks, star watches, and water clocks.

Time is born of the original chaos and still threatens the world order. Thus the concept of the principle of change is divided and measured in hours.

The time (wnwt) as the branch of time is mentioned since the time of the pyramids (the old empire)

The principle of the clepsydra function is based on the presence of two water holes in each other, which allows the flow of water whose velocity is measured in time.

CN mw: water vessel whose outer trough is loaded into the wall of its terminals.

And because the flow rate depends on the weight of the liquid above. There is a destructive clepsydra to make the flow steady and it is one of the great works of its time which proves the knowledge of the former Egyptians of the physical law of hydraulic propulsion.

The hours were only for senior officials and men of authority.

The clepsydras are reserved for setting the time especially at night (the symbolic night was a period of dangers in which the world was not and is assaulted by the Viper Apophis / apep agent of chaos in the night race) Rê.

Ramses III makes a presentation from in the form of a monkey to Sekhmet.

Sekhmet is the one that opens the roads while standing at the gates of time to preserve it. Ramses III makes a presentation from in the form of a monkey to Sekhmet.

Re as a cat and which massacres Apophis .

Fragment of papyrus which shows Re as a cat and which massacres Apophis (in the form of a sepent) the agent of chaos.

Ramses V representation of divinity with double heads .

EN- in the tomb of Ramses V representation of divinity with double heads one of Horus (which carries the truth) and the other of Seth) the lie; it gives the lie to the one who practices it and the truth to the one who comes to bring it… from the "Book of coming forth by day"

The union of the two countries Upper and Lower Egypt.

El-Samatawy knot or the union of the two countries that confirms the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt.

-ENG-Aker is the symbol of the regeneration of the dead in the afterlife.

That will be reborn after the night period when the deceased is recognized in a justified voice after weighing the heart with the sun and is renewed at dawn with the sun. As the headrests of Tutankhamun are turbid in form with the sign of Akhit "the horizon": it consists of two mountains (Baku: East and Manu: west) and the solar disk: in this funerary body, the head of the deceased symbolizes the position of this headrest to the sun, which will renew itself.

-EN- Aker is the symbol of the renewal of the dead in the afterlife, which will be born again after the night period, where the deceased gets acquainted with a justified voice after weighing the heart with the sun and regenerates at dawn with the sun. The head of Tutankhamun also resides in the form of turbid with the sign of Akhit "The Horizon": It consists of two mountains (Baku: East and Manu: West) and the solar disk: In this funerary object the head of the deceased is headed on the headrest of this sun, which will be renewed.

Ptolemy the Third with the goddess Sekhmet.

Ptolemy the Third turns his head back when he makes an offer to the goddess Sekhmet; he is unable to look at her, he is afraid of his fearful look and her breath is burning.

Sebu Valley Temple.

Temple is located 140 km south of Aswan "in the old Nubia" on the shore of Lake Nasser. Wadi Sabwa Temple, built by Ramses II, is dedicated to God Amun and works as a sacred bark while descending on the Nile.

The name of Wadi Sabwa Temple is baptized by the Arabs, inspired by the shape of the stone rams with the corpses of the lion guarding the central corridor.

Threatened by flood water due to the construction of the Aswan High Dam; the temple was dismantled and moved to a new higher site 4 km west of the original site. In the nineteenth century, converting the temple to a church and covering part of the representation made it the representation of preserving the original in the back.

Ramses III gets millions of HB SD from Amun Ra.

Ramses III gets millions of HB SD from Amun Ra, Madinat Habu Temple

Ramses III received millions of people from HB SD, Amun-Rê, Medinet Habbas Temple.

What is the importance of combining the ankh and the Daj together together in sceptre.

Symbols in a largely illiterate society serve the vital purpose of relaying the most important values of the culture to the people generation after generation, and so it was in ancient Egypt. The peasant farmer would not have been able to read the literature, poetry, or hymns which told the stories of his gods, kings, and history but could look at an obelisk or a relief on a temple wall and read them there through the symbols used.

The three most important symbols, often appearing in all manner of Egyptian artwork from amulets to architecture, were the ankh, the djed, and the was sceptre. These were frequently combined in inscriptions and often appear on sarcophagi together in a group or separately. In the case of each of these, the form represents the eternal value of the concept: the ankh represented life; the djed stability; the was power.

A common example of the principle where two represents four is found in the pair of was sceptres which were used to depict the pillars of the sky and which were shown standing on theta or earth hieroglyph and supporting the pet or sky hieroglyph. This group was frequently used as a framing device around the sides of temple reliefs,  symbolically placing the compositions in a cosmic setting. Because these representations are only two-dimensional, however, an abbreviated view of the various elements is given.

These symbols, singly or together, adorned the items the Egyptians used regularly in their daily lives. Amulets were worn by every class of Egyptian society with the djed among the most popular followed by the scarab, the ankh, the jet, the shen, the was, and others. These other potent symbols were frequently paired, or associated, with the three most often used.

Hathor, a scene taken from the director’s book to the day.

Hathor, a scene taken from the director’s book to the day of 

The mark at the centre of the scene (a very deep concept meaning life on a large scale) has two arms and raises the solar disk.

From both sides in a consistent way...

Our two frogs holding the sign of the sign mean eternity...

The frogs are a symbol of life that is constantly renewed, the fertility slogan that lays about 100,000 eggs ... The frogs attended the creation of the universe according to the principle of Ashmonin.

Frogs are friends of earth and water environments ...

Hequet: The goddess of the human body and at the head of frogs develop the corpses and give the same life to the creature that was created by death.

 The two-quarters of Eshmunin were a frog and embodied immortality

So frogs are associated with the daily resurgence of the sun, then we have the ISIS and Nephthys sisters that protect the regeneration 

Then we have 2 sets of 3 baboons that revive sunrise and announce that life has been renewed.

 A scene extracted from the book Exodus in the daytime

Ankh sign in the centre of the scene (a very deep concept that largely means life) which has two arms which raises the solar disk.

From both sides in a consistent way...

Our frogs bear a mark on the sn ring which means eternity.

Frogs are a symbol of life that is constantly renewed, and it is a fertility symbol that lays about 100,000 eggs. Frogs saw the creation of the universe according to the chapel of Ashmunin.

Frogs are friends of terrestrial and aquatic environments ...

Hequet: The gods with the human body and the head of the frog move the bodies and give life to the creatures created by death Potter Khnum.

Hey, and White, who make up a quarter of the ogdoad of Ashmunin, were frogs and an incarnation of immortality.

If frogs are linked to the daily resurrection of the sun then we have the two sisters Isis and Nefty who protect the regeneration ...

Then we have 2 groups of 3 Rabah who revive the rising sun and announce that life is renewed.

Goddess hathor was very popular among the Egyptian people.

Goddess was very popular among the Egyptian people. According to legends, she is one of the most revered Egyptian deities, and appears as the daughter of the sun, "Ra." She is also considered the goddess of love, joy, dance and musical arts. Their representation of a lyriform horned woman with a solar disk between them is the disc containing Oreo, or as a woman with cow ears, also in the form of a cow. She is the counterpart of Ra. Hathor appears among the deities from 2686 to 2181.a. C- He became one of the most important deities in Egypt. More temples were dedicated to her than to any other goddess, the most prominent of which was Dendera. Near the turquoise mines in Serabit el-Khadem, another temple was built for them, and they were called "the lady of turquoise", and they were worshipped until the extinction of the ancient Egyptian religion, in the first centuries of our time. 

slaughtering .. at the ancient Egyptian !!

Of course, the title may be a bit fanciful... But I envisioned (the teacher) here knowing (the boy) how to slaughter birds !!

This amazing view is found in the tomb of Nakht in Luxor

I copied this, he is one of the nobles of the era of the modern state, as he was a clerk of stores (meaning the degree of finance minister now) during the reign of King Tuthmosis the Fourth (1401-1391 BC) during the eighteenth dynasty, as was Nakht who was responsible for making wine!!

Gold chest necklace

Gold chest necklace and sweetened with glazed porcelain beads with floral motifs

Modern country

Family 18

About 1400 BC

The British Museum

Royal Head.

This small head exemplifies the dour introspection typical of Middle Kingdom royal portraits. The large ears associate this head with depictions of the pharaohs Senwosret and Amenemhat. He wears a royal uraeus cobra at the front of the bulbous crown of Upper Egypt. The crown is supported by a back pillar. It would have joined a throne upon which the king would have sat, arms crossed in the pose of Osiris. The cult of Osiris was coming to the forefront in the Middle Kingdom and there are a number of small sculptures depicting kings of late Dynasty 12 and Dynasty 13 in this pose. Perhaps further research will enable us to join this head to a body and identify which king it represents.

Mirror ...

This mirror is made of silver and copper alloy.

The hairstyle of thick braids was popular in the middle of the 18th dynasty. The figure is shown nude in a simplistic style.

Now in the Brooklyn Museum.