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Saturday, 26 September 2020
Statue of Isis protecting an infant Horus c.590-530 BC 26th Dynasty .
Late Period The statue is thought to come from one of two chapels which were dedicated to forms of Osiris worshipped at Karnak. These chapels were built and extended by the adoratrices of Amun and the kings with whom they were associated The British Museum
Pectoral and Necklace of Sithathoryunet with the Name of Senwosret II ca. 1887–1878 B.C. Middle Kingdom.
This pectoral is composed around the throne name of King Senwosret II. It was found among the jewellery of Princess Sithathoryunet in a special niche of her underground tomb beside the pyramid of Senwosret II at Lahun. Hieroglyphic signs make up the design, and the whole may be read: "The god of the rising sun grants life and dominion over all that the sun encircles for one million one hundred thousand years [i.e., eternity] to King Khakheperre [Senwosret II].
The Royal Acquaintances Memi and Sabu ca. 2575–2465 B.C. Old Kingdom.
This statue evokes the intimacy of Memi and his companion, Sabu, although she is set somewhat apart by her oblique gaze.
Until recently, the flowering of nonroyal statuary was believed to have occurred only in the Fifth and Sixth Dynasties. Recent studies indicate, however, that many of these nonroyal statues, including Memi and Sabu, are better dated to the Fourth Dynasty, contemporary with the great royal statuary programs. The early date for Memi and Sabu is based both on her coiffure and on the reciprocated embrace.
Heart Scarab of Hatnefer ca. 1492–1473 B.C. New Kingdom.
Hatnefer's heart scarab is an exceptionally fine example of this type of funerary equipment and is comparable to those made for contemporary royalty. Every feature of the scarab beetle is carefully rendered. The exquisite chain is made of gold wire, plaited in a quadruple-link pattern. The scarab's base is engraved with a version of Book of the Dead chapter 30A, in which the deceased addresses her own heart, exhorting it not to bear witness against Hatnefer during the final judgment in the afterlife. In the top line, Hatnefer's name was inserted over an erased text, indicating that the scarab was not originally made for her.
Offering Table of Tjaenhesret, priest of Thoth, son of Iaa 332–30 B.C. Ptolemaic Period.
Tjaenhesret is shown pouring a libation over a group of food offerings clustered around three libation jars interspersed with cool lotus plants. The label before his face and above him reads "Libation for the Osiris Tjayenhesret, son of Iaa who held the same titles." Just below his feet, an empty space is visible where a place left for the name of his son was never filled in.
A tabular offering list appears above and on the right side of the scene, and the whole is surrounded by rows and columns that give an invocation offering to Osiris-Wennefer for Tjaenhesret, who is Overseer of the secrets of the domain of Thoth, and then list his many titles. The latter include particularly titles related to cults of Thoth and other gods resident in Hermopolis, Harendotes, Shepsi, Amon, and Amenemope. The last two are testimony to the widespread of the cults of Amon throughout the country in the first millennium BC.
The offering table must have originated in one of the cemeteries of Hermopolis.
Inner coffin of Khonsu ca. 1279–1213 B.C. New Kingdom, Ramesside.
The wooden inner coffin of Khonsu depicts the deceased in a double wig and a short goatee. Besides magical spells, the decorations include the figures of Khonsu and his wife, kneeling in adoration before the gods Osiris, Anubis, Isis, and Nephthys. For the outer coffin of Khonsu see 86.1.1a, b. Other objects in the collection that were discovered in the same tomb.
Relief of Nebhepetre Mentuhotep II and the Goddess Hathor ca. 2010–2000 B.C. Middle Kingdom.
King Nebhepetre Mentuhotep II was revered by the Egyptians as the ruler who reunited Egypt after the era of disunity (the First Intermediate Period) that followed the end of the Old Kingdom. Descended from a family of Theban rulers, the king built his tomb and mortuary temple at Deir el-Bahri in western Thebes. This relief was originally part of the decoration of the temple's main sanctuary that was added to the building at the end of the king's reign. The fine balance between figures and inscriptions on this block, as well as the clear outline and regular proportions of the king's image with its individualized facial features, exemplify the peak of a relief art that had developed over the decades while the vast temple complex was built and decorated. The figure of the goddess Hathor on the right of the block was chiselled away during the Amarna period when King Akhenaten propagated the sole worship of the god Aten. Hathor was repaired in plaster in early Dynasty 19 and some of the paint on the whole block may also have been renewed at the time.
Palette inscribed for Smendes, High Priest of Amun ca. 1045–992 B.C. Third Intermediate Period.
Egyptian scribes perfected their skill in the art of writing as apprentices. They would copy hieroglyphs and phrases on chips of stone and fragments of pottery (ostraca), or on whitewashed writing boards (see 28.9.5).
Ascribe would have owned a writing palette like this one, which provides space for two colours of ink and a slot for reed brushes (Egyptian scribes used brushes, not pens)...
Cylindrical bag of sawdust from Tutankhamun's Embalming Cache ca. 1336–1327 B.C. New Kingdom, Amarna Period
In December 1907 Theodore M. Davis, a wealthy American who was funding excavations in the Valley of the Kings, discovered a small pit near the tomb of Seti I. Inside the pit were approximately a dozen large sealed whitewashed storage jars (09.184.1). Among other things, the jars contained bags of natron (a kind of salt), pieces of linen with hieratic inscriptions dated to Years 6 and 8 of a king named Tutankhamun (throne name Nebkheperure). At the time, almost nothing was known about Tutankhamun, and Davis declared that he had discovered the king's tomb.
Shabti box and shabtis of members of the Sennedjem tomb ca. 1279–1213 B.C. New Kingdom, Ramesside
Essential items of funerary equipment from the New Kingdom on, shabti figures, of which there could be from 1 to over 400 examples in a single tomb, were meant to substitute for the deceased whenever he or she was called upon to perform manual labour
in the afterlife. One example here is inscribed with a version of Spell 6 from the Book of Coming Forth by Day (better known as the Book of the Dead): "O, shabti. . . if I be summoned. . .to do any work which has to be done in the realm of the dead.
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Another miracle of the ancient Egyptians Ben Ben's pyramid .. The Black Magnetic Pyramid. This pyramid, which has puzzled scie...