The hours of the stars, and even the mechanical watch.

Marvel under the sky of Egypt

It is not just a container that controls the flow of water to measure the time, the water hour chosen by the Egyptians in the city of Thebes, which. And that lady, who measured time no more than three thousand years, was hiding a secret, a scientific theory, and the genius of the innovator.The astronomers of ancient Egypt did not stop at the invention of one type of watch, but they invented several types: the water clock, the sundial, the hours of the stars, and even the mechanical watch.The water clock was of two types ... an hour in which the liquid flows out and is the oldest. The earliest reference to it is from the cemetery of the astronomer and the watchmaker, Amenemhat Al-Tibi, who lived in the era of King Amenhotep I 1530 B.C. And not its drop in the potOther types, whether the outflow clock, which must be called the Thoth watch, which is contained in his book called (Winshab), for which there is a model in the amitropolitan, will be left. Let us focus on the old water clock, which was hidden in its design a physics law that was not reached in Europe only in the seventh century Ten by physicist Torschelli.This seemingly simple-looking watch was the first embodiment of this rule that adjusts and describes the flow of the buckets from a 

hole in a bowl.

When the Egyptians invented this hour to analyze the problem of comfortable days of cloudiness, where the sky dances and clouds embrace them and messes around in the air, the rain mist, it measured time through water from a hole below the wall of the vessel, however, choosing any shape of the vessel would have entered the measurement of time in chaos so that The measurement is disturbed after the height of the liquid falls in the container, avoiding the difference in pressure, the flow velocity changes and thus the amount of flowing liquid, which is fast at the beginning, and slow when the height of the liquid decreases, but the Egyptian inventor after the experiment and test reached what is known today as the Torricelli Law, which says The relationship between the velocity of the flow The acceleration wheel and the height of the liquid in the container are a direct relationship, that is, by using a specific geometrical shape (which is the shape of the hour-cone), the flow velocity and the amount of fluid coming out of the container is equal to the pressure decreasing constantly, the fluid decreasing, which achieves in practice the principles of the law formulated by Torcelelli after If the Egyptians achieved it in the engineering of the watch by three thousand years, this is the secret of the survival of its technology that was adopted by Greece, the Romans and the Arabs and even replaced by a mechanical watch in the Middle Ages.